——Interview with Xu Zhenguang, Chief Engineer of Shanghai Machine Tool (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.
Gears, as the key components of the transmission system, have a complex tooth profile. Its processing accuracy has a great influence on the power transmission performance of the car. At the same time, companies must also realize more profits through production. These are so-called refinements and economics of tooth processing. As a tool manufacturing company with more than 50 years experience in tool production - Italy SAMPUTENSILI company in the past 20 years to provide tools for Chinese customers in the process of sales and service, summed up the rational choice of cutting usage is for the user to improve processing efficiency and reduce tool consumption Effective Ways. The benefits of cutting are mainly due to the efficiency of processing. The efficiency of processing is determined by the processing equipment and tools used. The greater the volume of the product, the more obvious this phenomenon will be.
Machine equipment requirements
The machine can provide high cutting speeds, but this is only one factor that satisfies efficient machining. Mr. Xu Zhenguang said, “Because it is also constrained by the tools used, the rigidity of the machine, and the numerical control function, a single high speed cannot fully reflect the high efficiency of machining.â€
In the case of CNC gear shaper, the perfect automatic function should be: Spiral cut-in with decreasing feed amount, automatically determine the position of the stroke of the pinion and the length of the stroke according to the width of the gear to be cut and the height of the positioning reference, automatically adjust the side Make the knife radial and radial. With such a complete CNC function, not only shorten the adjustment time of the machine tool, but also create conditions for improving the processing efficiency, and it also makes it possible for the machine tool to have more reasonable cutting parameters.
The rigidity of the machine tool is the fundamental condition for ensuring the processing efficiency. Mr. Xu Zhenguang introduced: “At present, the number of passes of the hobbing tool is based on the formula of the chip thickness at the top of the tooth to calculate the amount of axial travel of the hobbing. The maximum cutting thickness of the top of the cutter is 0.2 mm. The number of passes may be a few millimeters, but some hobbing machines experience great vibration and noise when using a 2mm/min pass. With such a pass, the machine cannot be used, but the same parameters are Other machines with the same specifications can be used normally. This is the difference in the rigidity of different machine tools.†Therefore, to maintain the high rigidity of the machine, it is possible to use a reasonable amount of cutting and give full play to the performance of the tool.
Tool selection
For a tool, the material and coating of the tool are the key factors that determine how much cutting speed the tool can use under certain conditions. Under certain conditions of gear machining, cutting speeds of 200-300 m/min are not a problem. However, in the coming period of time, the application of the results of the overflight of tool material properties once again in production practice will be difficult to achieve.
However, the processing efficiency is not only linked to the cutting speed. Reasonable selection of cutting parameters other than cutting speed can also improve machining efficiency. Among the three major factors of cutting amount, choosing the maximum depth of cut, reducing the number of passes is an effective way to shorten the cutting time.
In most hobbing processes, companies usually choose one pass; while in spline machining, the number of tool cuttings cannot be too small because of the constraints of many factors, but too many cutting operations will cause processing beats. Long, so there is no more choice for increasing depth of cut. But as long as the rigidity of the machine allows the use of a large number of passes is indeed the best way to increase the machining efficiency, the tool life will be relatively increased. For example, if the plunging amount of circumferential feed is doubled, the effect on tool life will only increase by 37%. However, increasing the cutting speed by 50% increases the tool life by 103%. This shows that shortening the cycle time by increasing the cutting speed is at the expense of reducing tool life.
Therefore, it can be seen that the reasonable choice and increase of the feed rate of the tool is very advantageous for improving the efficiency and reducing the consumption.
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