Electricity is a natural phenomenon. Electricity is an attribute of exclusion and attraction between subatomic particles like electrons and protons. It is one of four basic interactions in nature. There are two types of electricity or charge: one is called positive electricity, the other is called negative electricity. Through experiments we found that charged objects are repugnant, heterosexual attracts, and attractive or repulsive forces follow Coulomb's law.
How to generate electricity? In answering this question, we have to mention a great scientist Faraday, it is he who created the world's first electromagnetic induction generator, a pioneer in the era of human electrical.
Faraday was born in England on July 22, 1771. His father was an iron worker and was in a poor family. Faraday did not have the chance to go to school for formal education and could only be apprenticed at a bookstore. In the seven year period he accumulated a great deal of electrical knowledge, and by chance he made him an assistant to David Royal, then dean of London Royal College, thus changing his life and eventually becoming a great scientist.
In Oster, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, in 1820, a current conductor was found accidentally, and when it came close to the needle, the needle would deflect and no longer point to the North Pole. Both the curious phenomenon of current and magnet, People think that there is no connection, and now found that such a link has aroused the attention of scientists in the world.Faradain was immediately attracted by this discovery.
Just this year David discovered that when steel was surrounded by wires of current, it became a magnet, the electromagnet, and in 1821 the British chemist Wrasseth thought of Auster's discovery If one end of the magnet was put in a current-carrying conductor, the wire should spin on itself, and then went to David's lab to experiment, and the result failed, which defeated Volas to swallow Do not want to continue to go on.
But Faraday felt this was hopeful, and he decided to do the experiment himself, and for the first time, on Sept. 3, 1821, he saw the phenomenon that the energized wire spun in the magnetic field. Shouting in the room: "They turned!" He jerked like a child around the table and called his newly married wife into his lab to see his successful experiment, What happened at twenty-nine years old.
Faraday often asked himself: "Electricity into magnetism is an induction. Why can not we have a kind of anti-allergy? Since electricity can produce magnetism and why it can not be generated by magnetism?" Faraday himself wrote in his diary in 1822 It reads: "Turn magnetic into electricity." This is what he needs to fight for. Faraday also realizes that electricity is a very useful thing, although the volt battery can get a steady current, but the price is too expensive and can cost a lot Less money generates electricity, which is urgently needed.
One day he got a long, cylindrical magnet, a cylindrical magnet 8.5 inches long by 3/4 inch thick, wound in an empty cylinder with a 203-foot-long copper wire, Next to a current meter, the copper wire was not energized, and one end of the magnet was near the copper wire, the pointer of the ammeter was not moving, and suddenly he put the magnet completely in the copper coil and the ammeter's pointer suddenly moved. Again the magnet was drawn back and the pointer moved again.Does the current really come out? Faraday was pleasantly surprised.He tried again and again, and indeed the induction current was born.This was Faraday's greatest discovery.
Faraday insisted for a long time to come to the conclusion that the relative movement between metal wire and magnet is a necessary condition for generating induced current, and further introduced the concept of magnetic flux to summarize the theorem of what later became known as Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. In order to make magnetoelectric use for human, he made the world's first electromagnetic induction generator.Of course, this generator is very simple, but later the ancestor of the complex generator.He put a copper flat panel Edge, placed in a permanent magnet between the ends of the magnet, and then a long strip of copper and a long lead, on the edge of the flat panel, as a collection of electricity, and then loaded with an ammeter As the flat panel rotates, the pointer on the ammeter also moves so that a changing current is created in the edge of the copper flat panel.
Faraday made the invention public and developed an inexhaustible gold mine for mankind, but he gave up any money and returned to lab work again.
Two hundred years have passed, although a wide variety of generators, such as synchronous generators, asynchronous generators, etc .; capacity from a few micro-watts to hundreds of millions of watts; power generation methods vary, thermal power, hydroelectric power, wind power , Nuclear power generation, etc. However, their principle is the same as the principle of the first generator made by Faraday, all of which are Faraday's electromagnetic induction principle.
Of course, it is undeniable that the development of science and technology also produces new principles of power generation such as magnetohydrodynamic power generation, solar cells, fuel cells, etc. However, they are still only used in laboratories and are not widely used. Looking forward, various power generation methods will give We bring more convenience, clean electricity.
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