On June 26, BP released the "2012 BP World Energy Statistical Yearbook" in Beijing. The "Yearbook" shows that in 2011, fossil fuels continued to dominate global energy consumption with an 87% market share. Although renewable energy has grown rapidly, it still accounts for only 2% of global consumption. Last year, global energy consumption increased by 2.5%, among which the share of emerging economies’ consumption kept rising, which was 5.3% higher than the previous year. Energy demand of OECD countries decreased by 0.8%.
For all types of fuel development, global oil production increased by 110,000 barrels per day, a mere 0.7% increase, which is lower than other fossil fuels. Global natural gas production increased by 3.1% (98 billion cubic meters), slightly higher than the historical average, and consumption increased by 2.2% (70 billion cubic meters). Global coal production increased by 6.1% (229 million tons of oil equivalent), easily exceeded the average of 4.9% in the past 10 years, average annual consumption growth rate reached 5.4%, emerging economies countries reached 8.4%, and coal once again became the fastest growing Fossil fuels account for 30.3% of global energy consumption.
In terms of non-fossil energy, global nuclear power generation decreased by 4.3%, the largest drop in history. The development of renewable energy is mixed. Although the power generation capacity has increased by 18%, the production of biofuels has stagnated. It has increased slightly by 0.7%, that is, 10,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day, the lowest increase since 2000. Among them, due to the fact that the proportion of ethanol fuel added to gasoline has reached the blending bottleneck, the growth rate of the development of biofuels in the United States has slowed down; in Brazil, the production of biofuels has decreased by 15.3% due to the failure of sugarcane.
Last year, the world’s energy supply was repeatedly interrupted. The “Arab Spring†affected the supply of oil and natural gas. The catastrophic accident in Fukushima in Japan caused a chain reaction to nuclear energy and other energy supplies. However, the comprehensive data shows a constant development trajectory. BP Global Chief Economist Dr. Christopher Ruhl expressed that he must fully believe that the role of open markets in stabilizing energy supply. Talking about last year's energy supply and demand system, he said that fuel substitution, supply and demand response, and trade models all play their roles. Increased oil supply, especially Saudi production, coupled with increased flexibility in the global oil trade and refining system, has replaced Saudi heavy oil in the European market with Libya light oil, which has been interrupted; some of Europe’s natural gas is resold to Asia to make up for Japan’s power losses caused by the shutdown of nuclear power plants; the successful development of unconventional natural gas in the United States has resulted in an increase in coal exports from the region, which has replaced the decline in European natural gas consumption.
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